ERA5 almanac — 8 years of real data

Florence in October

Florence in October: rain frequency data not yet backfilled for this month, 71°F average high, 29% of days historically clear (n=248, ERA5 2018–2025).

Florence in October is historically a poor month for sun: only 29% of days clear across 8 years (n=248, avg high 71°F). July is the clearest month for Florence historically. Historical average, not a forecast.

What you are reading: 8-year historical averages from the ERA5 reanalysis, not a forecast. A month that is historically 90% clear can still be overcast on your specific trip. For this week’s actual forecast, see the live Florence page. Both can be true at once: “historically strong in this month; this particular week is not.” We label which is which.

Early vs. Late October

Clear-sky percentage for Florence in October, split by half-month. “n” is the number of days sampled across 8 years (2018–2025).
Period	% Clear days	Sample (n)	Avg high
Early October 1st–15th	34%	n=120	71°F
Late October 16th–end	24%	n=128	71°F
Full month average	29%	n=248	71°F

Bottom line

Florence is mostly overcast in October historically: only 29% of days are clear across 8 years (n=248), avg high 71°F. If you want sun in Florence, July is historically much better. Most visitors this month will see more clouds than sun.

→ See all destinations in July — historically the best month for sun in Florence.

Every month in Florence

Compare across all months with data. Numbers are historical clear-sky %.

Historical clear-sky % for Florence, all months, ERA5 2018–2025.
Month	% Clear	Sample (n)
January	0%	n=248	All destinations →
February	0%	n=226	All destinations →
March	3%	n=248	All destinations →
April	16%	n=240	All destinations →
May	27%	n=248	All destinations →
June	56%	n=240	All destinations →
July	65%	n=248	All destinations →
August	57%	n=248	All destinations →
September	50%	n=240	All destinations →
October ← this page	29%	n=248	All destinations →
November	0%	n=240	All destinations →
December	0%	n=248	All destinations →

Frequently asked

Is Florence good for sun in October?

Not usually. Florence is historically overcast in October: only 29% of days are clear (avg high 71°F, n=248 days, ERA5 2018–2025). July is historically far better for sun here.

→ Florence live forecast — this week’s actual 7-day weather, not historical
→ Best destinations in October — all destinations ranked by October clear-sky %
→ All destinations
→ Raw data (JSON) — buckets, n, source

All percentages are historical averages from the ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo, 8 full years (2018–2025). “Clear” means avg high ≥ 72 °F, precipitation < 1 mm, and a non-precipitation weather code. This is history, not a forecast. The live 7-day outlook for any destination is on its own page and may differ from the long-run average. Data from Open-Meteo.